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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-.-Sheet 1.

I. HAYES.

OPEN FIRE PLACE. No. 310,277. Patented Jan. 6, 1885.

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L AYEsf OPEN FIRE PLACE.

No. 310,277. Patented Jan. 6, 1885.

WITN asses. INVENTUFI ma f yw ISAAC HAYES, OF PHILADELPHIA,

Parr-ear @rrre.

PENXSYLVANIA.

OPEN FIRE-PLACE.

SPECIFICATION formin Application filed April 2, 1884.

I0 CI/ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Isaac Haves, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improve ments in Open Fire-Places, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in open fire-places or open grates; and it consists in constructing the upper portion or eoving to extend out beyond the breast of the chimney, securing the back plate in an inclined position over the-fire-chamber, and introducing a supplementary plate in front of the back plate, so as to form an intervening space for the passage of smoke and heat to a horizontal combustion-chamber back of the coving and leading to the smoke-flue.

My invention further consists of a fender suspended on a hinged joint, and provided with a counter-balance to hold the same in position when thrown back.

My invention also further consists ofa damper placed at the entrance of the combustionchamber to regulate the draft, the same being operated by a jointed lever which projects outward within easy reach on one side of the fireplace.

The object of my invention is to improve the combustion and increase the amount of heat thrown into the room, whereby the room is more thoroughly warmed, and, if necessary, the heat which would otherwise escape may be utilized to warm the room above.

Reference is had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l is a front elevation of the open fire place or grate. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the same. Fig. 4 is a plan view on the line a Z) of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a plan view of the bed-p1ate. Fig. (i is a front elevation of the iron lining for the fire-chamber. 'Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the front plate over the fire-chamber and the hinged fender.

Similar letters refer to similar parts through out the several views.

The side plates or jambs, A A, of the fire place are splaycd and secured to a vertical plate, B, in the rear.

0 G are triangular projections on the side part of Letters Patent No. 310,277, dated January 6,1885.

(No model.)

E, Fig. 0, which extends across from side to side, and is connected to the back portion of the iron lining" F, and inclines forward at any suitable angle. Parallel to and a short distance in front of the said plate is a supplementary plate, D, which forms an intervening space or flue, G, across the fire-chamber.

H is a horizontal smoke-flue or combustionchamber at the upper part of the fire-place, which extends back and connects with the smoke pipe or flue I. The upper plate, h, of the said chamber projects beyond the breast of the chimney and forms a part of the covin and the lower plate, h, joins with the upper edge of the inclined plate D, so as to form an entrance from the flue G into the chamber H. The front, J, of the eoving, which incloses the front part of the heating-chamber, consists of a plate ornamented with panels on the face. In arranging the plate 1), as stated, the vent or throat of the smoke-flue is carried down closer to the fire, so as to prevent a greater quantity of cold air rushing over the fire than is necessary for the proper draft. The arrangement of the flue back of this plate and the coving above enables the ascending pro ducts of combustion to be carried forward be fore they pass back into the chimney, thus throwing the heat by radiation more thoroughly into the room.

K is a heating-flue made in the brick-work back of the fire-place and leading to an opening, L, over the mantel, or to an opening in a room above. The smoke-pipe I also passes up through this line before it enters the chimney, in order to utilize all the heat possible.

M is an air-passage located over the heating-chamber H, and provided with an inclined perforated plate, N, over the eoving,t'o admit a current of air from the room to prevent injury to the mantel by heat. The air being of a lower temperature, is met and drawn into the flueKbythe ascending currentsof warmer rarefied air. The chamber H, in which the combustion is completed, is arranged to more thoroughly radiate the heat and increase the temperature of the surrounding air.

0, Fig. 5, is the bed-plate, consisting of a l fiat open frame with parallel sides,and the ends made right and left oblique from the points (1 to e, so as to fit the splayed sides or jambs A A, and also made right and left oblique from the points (I to f, to conform to the shape to be given to the front of the grate. The said bedplate is provided with a series of openings, 1), at each end, which communicate with underneath air-passages leading to openings [1 g on each side of the hearth, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 4.

The cast-iron lining F, Fig. 6, consists of a rectangular plate with hollow oblique wingst' 'i on each end, which project over the openings 1) when the lining is in place on the bed-plate, thus forming an air-space on each side-of the fire-chamber, which communicate with an airspace, R, arranged between the lining-plate and the rear plate, B, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

The air-chamber surrounding the cast-iron lining of the fire-chamber, as above described, is supplied with cold air through the openings 1' a" r in the plate B and openings 8 s s in each of the side plates, A A, as shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 4:, the air being admitted from the cellar at S,or other outside point, and at the openings g g on each side of the hearth, passes in the direction as indicated by the arrows w.

T, Fig. 7, is a cast-iron bar secured across the fire-chamber to the lower edge of the plate D, with one edge curved outward to form a groove for the reception of the pintle a on the fender V, so as to form a hinged joint. The pintle a is continued out at one end of the fender, so as to pass through one of the side plates or j ambs, and is provided with a lever, \V, and counter-balance X, to retain the fender l in position when raised, and to allow of easy adjustment.

Y is a hinged damper, (shown in Fig. 3,) placed in the chamber H at the intersection of the fine G, to regulate the draft. Said damper is furnished on one end with a jointed lever, Z, for operating it. A series of notches to hold the damper partially open, if desired, are made on the edge of the plate 0, in which the lever is caught.

The fire-chamber is made to slope toward the front, and the fender V, which acts as a blower to the fire, is made with side wings, v 1;, to fit over the inclined sides 15 t of the fireguard. A slot provided with aledge, 3 Figs. 1, 2, and 3, to prevent ashes or cinders from falling on the hearth, is formed in the front of the fire-guard to admit air into the fire.

I am aware that two pipes inclining forward and communicating at their lower ends with an opening at the back of the firesurface, and at their upper ends with a box which leads into the chimney, have heretofore been employed; hence I do not wish to use or claim I them as forming any part of my invention.

I am also aware that a patent has been granted for a fire-place in which a number of holes are formed for the entrance of cold air into a space surrounding the fire-box; is shown;

hence I do not wish to broadly claim such arrangement of air-passages; In my invention the cold air enters, as before stated, at the side openings, g g, and passes up through the openings 1) in the bed-plate into the hollow wings of the lining, and then rearward into the open space back of the lining.

,\\hat I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The side plates, A and A, and triangular projections G O, in combination with the inclined plates D and D, arranged to form the flue G, sloping forward from the rear of the fire-surfac'e'up to and beyond the breast of the chimney, and having a suitable connection to said chimney, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. The horizontal flue H, consisting of the plates h and h and J, in combination with the inclined flue G, formed by the side plates, A and A, projections O and 0, plate D, and plate D, and being located in front of and parallel to plate D, so as to slope forward from the rear of the fire-surface and project beyond the breast of the chimney, substantially as shown, and for the purpose specified.

3. The bed-plate O, constructed as described, with oblique ends (Z a and df, and openings 1), in combination with the side plates, A A, openings 5/ g, and lining F, having hollow wings 'i i, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

4. The combination, in an open fire-place, of the bed-plate 0, having openings 1), lining F, provided with hollow wings t i, air-pas- 'sage It, and openings 9, s, and 0', constructed and arranged substantially as shown and described.

5. The combination of the bar T, plate D, fender V, pintle a, lever \V, and counter-balance X, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

ISAAC HAYES.

Vitnesses:

W. W. DOUGHERTY, Isaac R. OAKFORD. 

